Evidence mapPaperPMID 41598291Full record

ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Behavioral and Neurobiological Correlates of Resilience in the Hindlimb Unloading Mouse Model: A Longitudinal Ethogram with Neurotrophin Profile.

Arianna Racca, Patrizia Pignataro, Roberta Zerlotin, Graziana Esposito, Bijorn Omar Balzamino, Alessandra Micera, Maria Grano, Daniela Santucci

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Arianna RaccaCenter for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Patrizia PignataroDepartment of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-DiBraiN, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Roberta ZerlotinDepartment of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-DiBraiN, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Graziana EspositoResearch and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Science, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00184 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8777-197X
Bijorn Omar BalzaminoResearch and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Science, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00184 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2254-1647
Alessandra MiceraResearch and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Science, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00184 Rome, Italy.
Maria GranoDepartment of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience-DiBraiN, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7121-5899
Daniela SantucciCenter for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4619-1290

Funding

Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Grant N. 2019-11-U.0. Progetto "MARS-PRE Biological and functional markers for precision astronautical medicine
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Among ground-based paradigms used to reproduce altered gravity exposure, the hindlimb unloading (HU) model is widely employed to simulate microgravity conditions by removing gravitational loading from the hindlimbs. Despite its extensive use, behavioral adjustments during suspension remain poorly characterized, although they may provide valuable indicators of animal welfare and individual susceptibility. Here, we comprehensively characterized the behavioral profile of mice during and after HU using a dedicated ethogram, with the aim of identifying behavioral markers associated with individual coping strategies. Several exploratory and postural behaviors showed marked time-dependent modulation, with baseline exploratory activity predicting a more adaptive behavioral trajectory during suspension, possibly indicative of greater resilience. In parallel, brain levels of the neurotrophins NGF and BDNF were measured to explore their relationship with behavioral outcomes. Although no significant group differences were detected, suspended mice displayed a progressive reduction in both neurotrophins over time, which paralleled behavioral adaptation. Together, these findings indicate that specific exploratory behaviors represent reliable predictors of resilience to HU, while NGF and BDNF may reflect ongoing neuroplastic processes associated with prolonged suspension.

Indexed as

animal welfareethogramhindlimb unloading modelmouseneurotrophins

Identifiers

PMID41598291
PMCPMC12842622

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.