Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41598337›Full record

ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Seric Molecular Markers Correlated with Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes: A Narrative Review.

Bianca-Gabriela Ene, Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu, Mariana Catalina Ciornei, Madalina Coman-Stanemir, Angelo Voicu, Floris Petru Iliuta, Ioana Raluca Papacocea

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Bianca-Gabriela EneDoctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu"Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu" Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-4499-8904
Mariana Catalina CiorneiDiscipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-6556-4005
Madalina Coman-StanemirDoctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0009-0008-8004-4615
Angelo Voicu"Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu" Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania.
Floris Petru IliutaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010221 Bucharest, Romania.
Ioana Raluca PapacoceaDiscipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An increasing number of stroke survivors are burdened by persistent disabilities, requiring long-term rehabilitation. However, the extent of functional gain is highly variable, severely impairing patients' quality of life. This variability highlights a critical gap in current prognostic tools, which rely primarily on clinical and neuroimaging data. The aim of this review is to synthesize the current literature on serum biomarkers in stroke survivors and to evaluate their prognostic value for rehabilitation outcomes. Our synthesis indicates that biomarkers reflecting distinct pathophysiological processes are emerging as key prognostic indicators. Markers of inflammation such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and neuro-glial injury, including S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B (S100B), Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), and Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL), are consistently associated with poorer functional outcomes. Conversely, markers of neuroplasticity, such as Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), serve as potential indicators of recovery potential, although their predictive accuracy remains inconsistent across studies. Furthermore, emerging biomarkers of synaptic activity, such as Syntaxin-1a (STX1A) and Synaptosomal-Associated Protein, 25kDa (SNAP-25), and neuromuscular junction integrity, such as C-terminal Agrin Fragment (CAF), offer novel insights into brain-periphery communication, though their clinical utility is still under investigation. While promising, the translation of these biomarkers into clinical practice is hindered by methodological limitations, including assay heterogeneity and lack of large-scale validation. Future standardization of these molecular signatures is a critical step toward implementing precision medicine in stroke rehabilitation.

Indexed as

neuroinflammationneuroplasticityprognostic indicatorsrehabilitation outcomesserum biomarkersstroke

Identifiers

PMID41598337
PMCPMC12843023

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.