Evidence mapPaperPMID 41598535Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2026

Gut-Heart Axis and Infective Endocarditis: How Microbiota Dysbiosis Shapes Cardiovascular Risk and Infection Susceptibility.

Livia Moffa, Claudio Tana, Tiziana Meschi, Carmine Siniscalchi, Nicoletta Cerundolo, Claudio Ucciferri, Jacopo Vecchiet, Katia Falasca

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Livia MoffaClinics of Infectious Diseases, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Claudio TanaInternal Medicine Unit, Eastern Hospital, ASL Taranto, 74024 Manduria, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9162-7866
Tiziana MeschiInternal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Carmine SiniscalchiInternal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Nicoletta CerundoloInternal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Claudio UcciferriClinics of Infectious Diseases, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5866-3849
Jacopo VecchietClinics of Infectious Diseases, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9250-4844
Katia FalascaClinics of Infectious Diseases, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8795-5410

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut-heart axis represents a key determinant of cardiovascular (CV) system health. Emerging evidence indicates that intestinal dysbiosis can induce a state of chronic systemic inflammation which, together with mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, increases the risk of CV diseases. Infective endocarditis (IE) exemplifies this concept, as microbiota alterations may promote bacterial translocation from the gut into the bloodstream, leading to colonization of cardiac valves and subsequent endocardial infection. This narrative review examines current scientific evidence on the relationship between the gut microbiota and CV diseases, with a particular focus on IE. We also summarize the mechanisms underlying impaired intestinal barrier integrity, immune activation, and the production of microbiota-derived metabolites that contribute to CV disease. Special attention is given to potential preventive and therapeutic strategies, including microbiota modulation, targeted antibiotic management, and personalized medicine approaches tailored to individual patient profiles.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasedysbiosisgut–heart axisinfective endocarditismicrobiotamicrobiota-derived metabolites

Identifiers

PMID41598535
PMCPMC12842309

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.