ReviewPharmaceutics2026
Extracellular Vesicles in Alzheimer's Disease: Dual Roles in Pathogenesis, Promising Avenues for Diagnosis and Therapy.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles: A Natural Nanomaterial for Biomedical Application.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorate the Neuron Mitochondrial Damage Induced by ROS-, LPS-Exposure: In Vitro Model of Neuron, Microglia, and Astrocyte Triple Co-Culture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tau tangles, chronic neuroinflammation, and synaptic loss, leading to cognitive decline. Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by nearly all cell types-have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication, playing a complex dual role in both the pathogenesis and potential treatment of AD. This review generally delineates two opposite roles of EVs in pathogenesis and potential treatment of AD. On one hand, EVs derived from neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes can propagate toxic proteins (Aβ, tau) and inflammatory signals, thereby accelerating disease progression. On the other hand, EVs-especially those from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-exert neuroprotective effects by facilitating toxic protein clearance, modulating immune responses, preserving synaptic integrity, and alleviating oxidative stress. The cargo-carrying function of EVs gives them considerable diagnostic value. The associated cargos such as proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the EVs may serve as minimally invasive biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of AD. Therapeutically, engineered EVs, including those incorporating CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic modification, are being developed as sophisticated delivery platforms for targeting core AD pathologies. Furthermore, this review highlights emerging technologies such as microfluidic chips and focused ultrasound (FUS), discussing their potential to enhance the translational prospects of EV-based early diagnostic and treatment for AD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.