Evidence mapPaperPMID 41599481Full record

ArticlePolymers2026

Influence of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Polyphenolic Extracts on the Structure and Functional Properties of Sodium Alginate Films.

Daniel Szopa, Paulina Wróbel, Julia Zwolińska, Hira Anwar, Maciej Kaniewski, Anna Witek-Krowiak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Daniel SzopaDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.
Paulina WróbelDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.
Julia ZwolińskaDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-9258-4044
Hira AnwarDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.
Maciej KaniewskiDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8632-385X
Anna Witek-KrowiakDepartment of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Gdańska 7/9, 50-344 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5706-0133

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growing demand for biodegradable and functional packaging has driven research toward polysaccharide-based materials with improved performance. In this study, sodium alginate films were modified using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and acorn polyphenolic extract to enhance their antimicrobial, mechanical, and thermal properties. The films were acquired by solvent casting and characterized through mechanical, spectroscopic, thermal, and microbiological analyses. Both NADES and the polyphenolic extract enhanced tensile strength and flexibility through additional hydrogen bonding within the alginate network, while the extract also introduced antioxidant functionality. Among all tested formulations, the A4E2 film exhibited the most balanced performance. FTIR spectra revealed hydrogen bonding between the film components, and thermogravimetric analysis showed an approximately 15 °C (F-EXT) and 20 °C (F-DES) shift in the main DTG degradation peak, indicating enhanced thermal stability. Controlled-release experiments demonstrated the gradual diffusion of phenolic compounds in aqueous, acidic, and fatty simulants, with an initial release phase within the first 6 h followed by sustained release up to 48 h, confirming the films' suitability for various food environments. The combined modification reduced the growth of

Indexed as

antimicrobial activitycontrolled releasehydrogen bondingNADESpolyphenolic extractpolysaccharide-based filmssodium alginate

Identifiers

PMID41599481
PMCPMC12845354

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.