Factors Affecting the Treatment Heterogeneity of PPARγ and Pan-PPAR Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Machine Learning-Based Meta-Regression Analysis.

Xinlei Zhang, Yingning Liu, Ming Chu, Linong Ji, Xiantong Zou

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xinlei ZhangBeijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Device Translation in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.ORCID 0009-0001-9191-8487

Yingning LiuBeijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Device Translation in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.

Ming ChuNHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

Linong JiBeijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Device Translation in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.

Xiantong ZouBeijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Device Translation in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2349-3042

Funding

Beijing Nova Cross program of Science and Technology 20250484806National Natural Science Foundation of China T2341011Peking University People's Hospital Research and Development Funds RZ2024-03

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

glycaemic lowering effectmeta-analysispan peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonistsperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agoniststype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41599737

DOI10.3390/ph19010139

PMCPMC12845350

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.