Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41601513›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025

Comparing plasma levels and ratios of tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine and quinolinic acid between patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls: impact of depressive episode or post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Valerio Dell'Oste, Lionella Palego, Andrea Bordacchini, Berenice Rimoldi, Livia Parrini, Virginia Pedrinelli, Gino Giannaccini, Laura Betti, Claudia Carmassi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Valerio Dell'OsteDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Lionella PalegoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Andrea BordacchiniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Berenice RimoldiDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Livia ParriniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Virginia PedrinelliDepartment of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Livorno, Italy.
Gino GiannacciniDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Laura Betti *Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Claudia Carmassi *Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness displaying recurrent episodes of impaired mood, in alternance with euthymic or subsyndromal periods. The comorbidity between BD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is attracting attention due to its frequency, diagnostic difficulties, and worsening prognosis. Consequently, identifying molecular substrates of post-traumatic vs. depressive symptoms in BD would provide much benefit for patients' rescue. This study thus focused on tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, at the crossroad between neurotransmission, immunity and inflammation, under distinct BD mental conditions. Methods: We compared plasma TRP, serotonin (5-HT), kynurenine (KYN) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) among 20 euthymic-BD patients with PTSD (PTSD group) or 20 with depressive episode (DEP group) and 24 controls (CTL group). Metabolic ratios were calculated to monitor TRP-path fluxes. All participants underwent clinical examinations by psychometric instruments as the: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 disorders (SCID-5), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Mood Spectrum-Self-Report lifetime version (MOODS-SR), Trauma and Loss Spectrum-Self Report lifetime version (TALS-SR), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). Blood withdraws were also achieved, followed by plasma measurements through ELISA. Results: Both DEP and PTSD-groups revealed markedly lower 5-HT and 5-HT/TRP values than controls, with additionally decreased 5-HT in DEP- vs. PTSD-subjects. DEP-patients also showed reduced TRP and increased QUIN, KYN and QUIN ratios vs controls, while PTSD-subjects displaying only increased QUIN/KYN values. Additionally, several correlations between biochemical and clinical parameters were reported. Noteworthy, 5-HT and 5-HT/TRP were negatively correlated with all psychometric measures, while all biochemical parameters studied, except KYN, were correlated with poor socio-personal functioning; otherwise, KYN-shunt parameters better distinguished the severity of DEP symptoms than the PTSD ones. Conclusions: Substantially, BD-patients with low 5-HT and severe burden could be distinguished based on KYN profiles/trajectories when affected by depression or PTSD, entailing different neuroinflammatory/neuroendocrine patterns in mood vs. post-traumatic stress dimensions. This will encourage deeper assessment of BD metabolic/inflammatory biomarkers, allowing for refined patients' stratifications and targeted therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

bipolar disorderdepressive episodekynurenineplasmapost-traumatic stress disorderquinolinic acidserotonintryptophan

Identifiers

PMID41601513
PMCPMC12833464

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.