Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41602181›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Insights into the colloidal and structural stability of Atezolizumab with nonpolar amino acid-based ionic liquids under multiple stresses: phase two.

Bayan Alkhawaja, Faisal Al-Akayleh, Saifeddin Daadoue, Nour Alkhawaja, Ghayda AlDabet, Jehad Nassereden, Muna Bustami, Nidal Qinna, Mayyas Al-Remawi, Andrew G Watts

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bayan AlkhawajaFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1547-3906
Faisal Al-AkaylehFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7225-0936
Saifeddin DaadoueFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.
Nour AlkhawajaFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.
Ghayda AlDabetUniversity of Petra Pharmaceutical Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Petra University Amman 11196 Jordan.
Jehad NasseredenDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology & Cosmetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University Amman 11831 Jordan.
Muna BustamiFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.
Nidal QinnaFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.
Mayyas Al-RemawiFaculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 11196 Jordan bayan.alkhawaja@uop.edu.jo ba436@bath.ac.UK.
Andrew G WattsDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Bath Claverton Down BA2 7AY Bath UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are susceptible to physical and chemical instabilities, which compromise their therapeutic efficacy and shelf life. This study investigates the potential of renewable choline-amino acid-based ionic liquids (Ch-AA ILs), specifically choline valinate (CV) and choline glycinate (CG), to enhance the stability of the aglycosylated IgG1 antibody, Atezolizumab (Amab). Amab was formulated in varying concentrations of the ionic liquids (ILs) and subjected to ambient, thermal (40-70 °C), and chemical (urea) stress conditions. Stability was assessed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) to measure the hydrodynamic diameter (

Identifiers

PMID41602181
PMCPMC12833817

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.