Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41602967›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025

Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on perioperative anxiety in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Jiayi Tang, Ming Yao, Tong Wu, Huadong Ni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jiayi TangDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Ming YaoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Tong WuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Huadong NiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer patients often experience significant concerns regarding surgery, which predisposes them to negative emotions such as anxiety, adversely affecting both surgical outcomes and postoperative recovery. However, research on interventions for perioperative anxiety remains limited. This study focuses on patients undergoing radical mastectomy to investigate the effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on perioperative anxiety, aiming to provide novel clinical strategies for its prevention and management. Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial will enroll 202 eligible patients with radical mastectomy. Patients are randomly assigned to either the treatment group (taVNS group) or the control group (sham stimulation group). In treatment group, taVNS is administered 30 min before anesthesia induction and at the same time point daily for postoperative days 1-3, using specific stimulation parameters. The control group was given a sham stimulus. Primary outcome is the perioperative anxiety remission rate, which assessed by comparing post-intervention (after the final session) and pre-intervention (before the first session) scores in patients subjected to either full-course taVNS or sham stimulation. Secondary outcomes are Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment Method-Defined Delirium (CAM-3D), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, and Loss of Weight (FRAIL) and heart rate variability (HRV). Discussion: The strength of this study lies in the adoption of taVNS as an intervention for perioperative anxiety and the establishment of a comprehensive efficacy evaluation system. taVNS may alleviate anxiety by modulating autonomic nervous function and restoring the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. This study aims to provide an innovative approach for mitigating perioperative anxiety, with the potential to improve patient outcomes and enhance quality of life. Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/indexEN.html, Identifier ChiCTR2500106867.

Indexed as

perioperative anxietyprotocolradical mastectomyrandomized controlled trialtranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation

Identifiers

PMID41602967
PMCPMC12834046

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.