Evidence mapPaperPMID 41606497Full record

ArticleBMC nephrology2026

Elevated cardiometabolic index is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing dialysis: a retrospective cohort study.

Zhenhui Li, Hanjie Chen, Benlin Hong, Mingming Cai, Jianxin Wan

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Article in BMC nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zhenhui Li *Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Hanjie Chen *Department of Nephrology, Shishi Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, 362700, China.
Benlin HongDepartment of Nephrology, Shishi Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, 362700, China.
Mingming CaiDepartment of Nephrology, Shishi Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, 362700, China.
Jianxin WanDepartment of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China. wanjx@fjmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project No. 2021Y2005Quanzhou City Science and Technology Project No. 2024NY118
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew studies have explored the relationship between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and the risk of death from dialysis. This study aimed to investigates whether the CMI values correlates with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing dialysis. The study population included patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and maintenance peritoneal dialysis (MPD).

methodThis retrospective cohort study included patients undergoing dialysis (MHD and MPD) from January 2022 to and June 2025. Patients were divided into tertiles based on the CMI measured at the start of follow-up. Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) were used to model the association between elevated CMI and the risk of adverse outcomes. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to compare survival differences among the three groups. Additionally, a subgroup analysis identified and confirmed the risk factors.

resultsA total of 551 patients were included in this study. The risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality increased gradually across the CMI tertiles (13%, 19%, and 35% for cardiovascular mortality; 15%, 27%, and 50% for all-cause mortality; trend p < 0.001). RCS analysis was used to evaluate the association between elevated CMI and the risk of adverse outcomes. As CMI increased, the risk of all-cause mortality showed a significant increase (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.16, p < 0.001), as did the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.82, p < 0.001) among all dialysis patients. After adjusting for various potential confounders, CMI remained a risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among patients undergoing dialysis.

conclusionIncreased CMI was positively correlated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing dialysis.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesKidney Failure, ChronicPeritoneal DialysisRenal DialysisAgedCause of DeathFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAll-cause mortalityCardiometabolic indexCardiovascular mortalityMaintenance hemodialysisMaintenance peritoneal dialysis

Identifiers

PMID41606497
PMCPMC12924588

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.