Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41606541›Full record

SynthesisBMC public health2026

Risk factors for androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Haoyang Li, Wenzhen Li, Jiaxian Zhang, Qihong Liang, Yingjie Zhao, Zehong Guo, Botian Jiang, Zhan Wang, Qian Qu, Shengli An and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Haoyang Li *Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Wenzhen Li *Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Jiaxian Zhang *Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Qihong LiangDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health ( Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yingjie ZhaoDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Zehong GuoDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Botian JiangDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Zhan WangDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
Qian QuDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China. 15521263230@163.com.
Shengli AnDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health ( Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. hsasl@smu.edu.cn.
Yong MiaoDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou AV, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China. miaoyong123@i.smu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82372538Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 2023A1515012827
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA), the most common type of hair loss, is influenced by multiple factors. However, the associations between various risk factors and AGA remain controversial, with no systematic review or meta-analysis comprehensively analyzing these risk factors to date.

methodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for observational studies reporting on AGA risk factors from inception through January 5, 2024.

results31 studies involving 11,224 AGA cases and 36,825 controls were included. Family history (presence: odds ratio [OR] 2.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–3.99; progression: OR 4.24, 95% CI 2.77–6.49) and smoking (presence: OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–2.01; progression: OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.29–1.99) were significantly associated with both presence and progression of AGA. A paternal family history of AGA (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.59–3.10), insulin resistance (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.40, 95% CI 0.27–0.53), and high fasting insulin levels (SMD 0.48, 95% CI 0.18–0.78) were also identified as factors that increased the risk of the presence of AGA. Alcohol consumption (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.28–2.32), insufficient/poor quality sleep (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.18–1.56), and overweight/obesity (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.01–5.29) were related to the progression of AGA. Hypertension in men showed a significant correlation with AGA (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.26–2.04).

conclusionThis meta-analysis identified several risk factors associated with AGA presence and progression, including a family history of AGA, smoking, alcohol consumption, insufficient or poor-quality sleep, overweight/obesity, hypertension in men, insulin resistance, and elevated fasting insulin levels. Future studies should explore the underlying mechanisms linking these factors to AGA.

Indexed as

AlopeciaHumansMaleRisk FactorsAndrogenetic alopeciaMeta-analysisRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41606541
PMCPMC13020014

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.