Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41606677›Full record

ReviewNutrition & metabolism2026

Dietary intake of individual and total carotenoids in relation to overweight and obesity: findings from the PERSIAN cohort study.

Majid Kamali, Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni, Mahsa Shapouri, Masoomeh Alsadat Mirshafaei, Yeganeh Shekari, Malikeh Mohajerani, Torsten Bohn, Ali Nouri, Faezeh Tejareh, Barbod Alhouei and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrition & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Majid KamaliSchool of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Golsa Khalatbari MohseniNutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Mahsa ShapouriSchool of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Masoomeh Alsadat MirshafaeiDepartment of Sport Physiology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
Yeganeh ShekariExercise physiology, Islamic Azad university, Tabriz branch, Tabriz, Iran.
Malikeh MohajeraniDepartment of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Torsten BohnNutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg.
Ali NouriDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faezeh TejarehTehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Barbod AlhoueiReproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Al-Zahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Maryam GholamalizadehUnit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet deLlobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Farhad VahidNutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg. farhang_3243@yahoo.com.
Akram KooshkiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. kooshki.nutr@gmail.com.
Saeid DoaeiReproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Al-Zahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDietary carotenoids may have independent positive impacts on a range of health-related outcomes such as obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between individual and total dietary carotenoids and the likelihood of being overweight or obese.

methodsDietary intakes of 4202 participants of the PERSIAN cohort study were investigated by a 237-item FFQ, and carotenoid intake was determined using the USDA food databases. Models of logistic regression were applied to assess the association between obesity and overweight and dietary intake of carotenoids after adjusting for confounders.

resultsHigher total carotenoid intake was associated with reduced risk of overweight (energy-adjusted OR: 0.647, 95% CI: 0.429-0.975, P = 0.037) and obesity (energy-adjusted OR: 0.395, 95% CI: 0.244-0.640, P < 0.001). Specific individual carotenoids, including β-carotene (OR: 0.510, 95% CI: 0.356-0.731, P < 0.001), lutein/zeaxanthin (OR: 0.479, 95% CI: 0.331-0.692, P < 0.001), and phytoene (OR = 0.450, 95% CI = 0.306-0.661, P < 0.001) exhibited stronger inverse associations compared to lycopene and astaxanthin.

conclusionDiets rich in specific carotenoids, particularly β-carotene, lutein, and phytoene, may reduce the risk of both overweight and obesity. Future research ought to examine the mechanisms behind the relations of carotenoids with public health issues.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsCardiometabolic healthCarotenesNon-provitamin a carotenoidsProvitamin a carotenoidsPublic healthTranscription factorsXanthophylls

Identifiers

PMID41606677
PMCPMC12853827

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.