Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41611090›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2026

Health-related quality of life, compliance and sustained adherence on a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet compared with a high-carbohydrate low-fat diet in people with type 2 diabetes.

Ellen Elise Petersen, Johanne Kragh Hansen, Nikolaj Torp, Eva Gram-Kampmann, Peter Andersen, Stine Johansen, Ida Falk Villesen, Katrine Tholstrup Bech, Katrine Holtz Thorhauge, Helle Lindholm Schnefeld and 8 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03068078 (A Reduced-carbohydrate Diet High in Monounsaturated Fats in Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03068078 nacompletednot on this map

A Reduced-carbohydrate Diet High in Monounsaturated Fats in Type 2 Diabetes: a Six-month Study of Changes in Metabolism, Liver- and Cardiovascular Function (ReDuCtion)

TypeinterventionalSponsorOdense University HospitalRan2016 to 2021Enrolled185ConditionsType2 Diabetes, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, AtherosclerosisArmsLow carbohydrate diet high in monounsaturated fats
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Ellen Elise PetersenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Johanne Kragh HansenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Nikolaj TorpDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Eva Gram-KampmannSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Peter AndersenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Stine JohansenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Ida Falk VillesenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Katrine Tholstrup BechDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Katrine Holtz ThorhaugeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Helle Lindholm SchnefeldDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Charlotte Mary Bastida GjølDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Ellen Lyngbeck JensenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Sönke DetlefsenDepartment of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Kurt HøjlundSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Maja ThieleDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Mads IsraelsenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Aleksander KragDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: aleksander.krag@rsyd.dk.
Camilla Dalby HansenDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a central aspect of overall health and a crucial factor in dietary interventions, as it may determine both dietary compliance and sustained adherence.

objectivesWe assessed the effect on HRQoL between: 1) the low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet and 2) the high-carbohydrate low-fat (HCLF) diet and evaluated the impact on dietary compliance and sustained adherence.

methodsThis is a prespecified secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial in people with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned 2:1 to follow either LCHF or HCLF for 6 mo with a postintervention visit 9 mo after inclusion. Liver biopsies were performed at baseline and after 6 mo, the Diabetes-39 HRQoL questionnaire, standard clinical and compliance assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 mo, 6 mo, and 9 mo (postintervention). Sustained adherence was assessed at the postintervention visit.

resultsWe randomly assigned 165 participants; 96 (58%) were female. At baseline, the median age was 56 [interquartile range (IQR) 50-63] y, mean body mass index was 33 + 7 kg/m

conclusionsHRQoL improved in both dietary intervention groups with no difference between groups. Dietary compliance was associated with improved HRQoL and may play a role in sustained adherence to the LCHF diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03068078.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dietary CarbohydratesDiet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedDiet, Fat-RestrictedDiet, High-FatPatient ComplianceQuality of LifeAgedFemaleHumansLiverMaleMiddle AgedSecondary Data AnalysisSurveys and QuestionnairesDietary Carbohydratesdietary interventionhealth-related quality of life (HRQoL)high-carbohydrate low-fat (HCLF)low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF)metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)sustained adherencetype 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)

Identifiers

PMID41611090
PMCPMC13084574

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.