Trial reportDiabetologia2026
Adrenaline is a prominent driver of inflammatory responses following hypoglycaemia.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05990933 (Role of Adrenaline in the Inflammatory Response in People with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, and Healthy Individuals), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Role of Adrenaline in the Inflammatory Response in People with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, and Healthy Individuals
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisHypoglycaemia induces an acute and sustained inflammatory response both in people with type 1 diabetes and in people without diabetes. To investigate the role of adrenaline (epinephrine) in this response, we measured the inflammatory effects of adrenaline in a concentration and timeframe comparable to that seen during hypoglycaemia, in people with type 1 diabetes and matched control participants without diabetes.
methodsAdults with type 1 diabetes and matched control participants received adrenaline intravenously at 0.04 µg kg
resultsAdrenaline acutely increased neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts in both groups. While neutrophil and monocyte levels returned to baseline after 1 day, lymphocytes remained elevated for 7 days. Adrenaline acutely altered monocyte function towards a more inflammatory phenotype, reflected by increased secretion of cytokines after ex vivo stimulation with lipopolysaccharide in both groups. Adrenaline also increased circulating inflammatory proteins, including urokinase-type plasminogen activator, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 and fibroblast growth factor 21, after 7 days in both groups, with a more pronounced response in people with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationLevels of adrenaline similar to those seen in response to hypoglycaemia elicit an acute and prolonged inflammatory response in people with type 1 diabetes and matched control participants on a cellular, functional and protein level. These findings suggest that adrenaline is a prominent driver of inflammatory responses following hypoglycaemia.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05990933.
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