Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41612237›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2026

C21orf2 as a potential regulator of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in prostate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis: an exploratory study.

ShiHao Jiang, Shuai Su, Delin Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

ShiHao Jiang *Department of Urology, Molecular Medicine and Oncology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Shuai Su *Department of Urology, Molecular Medicine and Oncology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Delin WangDepartment of Urology, Molecular Medicine and Oncology Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. 202084@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn.

Funding

the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Province Grants 41021300060463 and 41021300060605
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a major health concern for men worldwide, and its incidence is rising rapidly, so identifying key molecules that regulate the malignant biological behavior of PCa is crucial for early diagnosis and targeted therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of chromosome 21 open reading frame 2 (C21orf2) in the biological functions of prostate cancer cells and further explore the molecular mechanisms by which C21orf2 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn vitro, C21orf2’s effects on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were tested using CCK-8, scratch assays, Transwell assays, TUNEL staining, and electron microscopy. Western blotting assessed the impact of C21orf2 on JAK2/STAT3 proteins and related markers. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence explored interactions with downstream targets. In vivo, a subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice validated C21orf2’s role in tumor growth and apoptosis.

resultsC21orf2 was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and regulated the malignant biological behavior of prostate cancer cells, and C21orf2 showed a negative correlation with KCTD5. High expression of C21orf2 promoted the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and upregulated its downstream target genes, including c-MYC, Cyclin A1, Bcl-2, and Cleaved caspase-3, thereby promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis.

conclusionsOur study indicates that C21orf2 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in prostate cancer.

Indexed as

Janus Kinase 2Prostatic NeoplasmsSTAT3 Transcription FactorAnimalsApoptosisCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMiceMice, NudeSignal TransductionJAK2 protein, humanJanus Kinase 2STAT3 protein, humanSTAT3 Transcription FactorApoptosisC21orf2JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathwayProliferationProstate cancer

Identifiers

PMID41612237
PMCPMC12930579

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.