Evidence mapPaperPMID 41612366Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2026

Computer-based case simulations enhances clinical reasoning skills of non-dental medical students as measured by mini-CEX.

Jiahao Zeng, Yuanming Geng, Jingwen Zhang, Chundong Liu, Xin Liu, Xiaoqing Shen, Xiaozhi Lv, Xiaolong Zhou

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Article in BMC medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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8 authors.

Jiahao Zeng *Department of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Yuanming Geng *Department of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Jingwen ZhangDepartment of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Chundong LiuDepartment of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Xin LiuDepartment of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Xiaoqing ShenDepartment of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Xiaozhi LvDepartment of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
Xiaolong ZhouDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China. 740768956@qq.com.

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTraditional didactic lecture-based models in stomatology education, which rely on passive learning through lectures and observation, have limitations in fostering clinical reasoning. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Computer-based Case Simulations (CCS) in enhancing the clinical reasoning skills of non-dental medical undergraduates, using the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) as an outcome measure.

methodsThe study involved 328 non-dentistry medical undergraduates enrolled in four different educational programs: Bilingual, Pediatrics, Clinical Medicine I and Clinical Medicine II. Both the control and intervention group completed a Mini-CEX prior to training to establish a baseline. The control group received traditional didactic training (lectures + passive clinical observation), while the intervention group underwent CCS. Educational effectiveness was evaluated via theoretical test scores and Mini-CEX assessments.

resultsA pre-clerkship survey revealed that non-dentistry undergraduates prioritized learning about various dental diseases and developing clinical diagnostic and therapeutic thinking skills over the technical and procedural skills involved in the delivery of patient care. The intervention group, demonstrated significantly higher theoretical test scores compared with the control group across all classes (Bilingual Class: 98.1 ± 1.22 vs. 97.3 ± 0.97, Cohen's d = 1.129; Pediatric Class: 97.9 ± 0.85 vs. 96.5 ± 1.35, Cohen's d = 1.072; Clinical Medicine Class Ⅰ: 98.0 ± 0.91 vs. 97.0 ± 1.08, Cohen's d = 1.000; Clinical Medicine ClassⅡ: 99.2 ± 1.04 vs. 97.7 ± 1.74, Cohen's d = 1.432; all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Mini-CEX score between the groups before the clerkship (P > 0.05). Although both groups showed improvements in Mini-CEX scores post-clerkship, the intervention group exhibited a significantly greater increase (Cohen's d > 0.5, P < 0.01), indicating superior clinical skill development.

conclusionThe results suggest that Computer-based case simulations (CCS) were associated with enhanced clinical knowledge and superior development of clinical reasoning skills in non-dentistry medical undergraduates compared to traditional methods, as measured by theoretical examination and Mini-CEX assessment. Future research should explore the long-term retention of clinical reasoning and the feasibility of scaling CCS in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceClinical ReasoningComputer SimulationAdultEducational MeasurementFemaleHumansMaleClinical clerkshipClinical reasoningComputer-based case simulationsCritical thinkingDental educationMini-CEX

Identifiers

PMID41612366
PMCPMC12930544

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.