SynthesisBrain and behavior2026
Association between Mediterranean Diet and Development of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between Mediterranean Diet and Development of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- The Association Between Serum α-Tocopherol and Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.BioMed research international · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary regimens and cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Given the conflicting evidence regarding the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on MS development and the lack of a systematic review on this topic, this study aimed to examine this association.
methodsFollowing the PRISMA and JBI methods, a search of electronic databases was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus up to March 2024. Clinical original studies assessing the association between the MedDiet adherence and MS development were included. Risk of bias was evaluated using JBI critical appraisal tools. Meta-analyses were performed using CMA4 software.
resultsOut of 202 screened records, eight studies, including five case-control and three cohort studies, met the inclusion criteria. Retrospective evidence from three case-control studies suggested that MedDiet adherence is associated with decreased odds of MS, whereas cohort studies showed no significant relationship. Based on the meta-analysis, there was a significant association between high adherence to the MedDiet and reduced odds of MS (fixed-effect OR: 0.275, 95% CI: 0.11-0.72, p-value <0.01, least MedDiet adherence as the reference). DISCUSSION: Although the meta-analysis showed a significant inverse association between higher adherence to the MedDiet and the odds of MS, the overall body of evidence does not provide strong support for a preventive role of the MedDiet. Considering the limited number of included studies, the predominantly retrospective design, the high risk of bias in several studies, and the substantial observed heterogeneity, further well-designed prospective studies are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.