Observational studyInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026
Baseline Nonperfusion and Deep Capillary Plexus Ischemia Predict Two-Year Retinal Nonperfusion Progression in Diabetic Retinopathy.
Observational study in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Retinal non-perfusion progression in severe non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy over time: INSPIRED study report 2.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Albuminuria, but not eGFR, tracks diabetic retinopathy severity and retinal ischemia: population-based discovery, clinical replication, and OCTA evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine which baseline factors, including ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) nonperfusion and macular optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics, predict 2-year progression of retinal nonperfusion on UWF-FA in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: This prospective observational study included 73 patients (110 eyes) with diabetes across the spectrum of DR severity, followed for 2 years. Retinal nonperfusion was manually quantified as ischemic index, and progression was calculated as the 2-year minus baseline ischemic index for gradable retina. For receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, progression was further defined as a binary event when the 2-year ischemic index increase exceeded two standard deviations (SDs) above the mean progression observed in non-referable DR. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated baseline predictors, and ROC analyses assessed the discriminative performance of significant predictors. Results: Mean 2-year ischemic index progression was 0.45 ± 0.90%, with greater progression in moderate and severe nonproliferative DR than in non-referable DR. In multivariate models, greater baseline ischemic index (standardized β = 0.27, P = 0.002), higher deep capillary plexus (DCP) geometric perfusion deficit (β = 0.36, P = 0.006), and lower DCP vessel density (β = -0.22, P = 0.012) independently predicted total nonperfusion progression. Baseline ischemic index, DCP geometric perfusion deficit, and DCP vessel density yielded areas under the curve of 0.84, 0.77, and 0.70, respectively, for detecting binary nonperfusion progression. Conclusions: In this cohort, baseline UWF-FA nonperfusion was the strongest predictor of retinal nonperfusion progression, whereas macular DCP OCTA metrics provided independent, noninvasive prognostic information. Macular DCP OCTA parameters may serve as adjunctive biomarkers to refine DR risk stratification, particularly when UWF-FA is unavailable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.