ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2026
Association Between Polypharmacy and Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older by Brazilian Macroregions.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association Between Polypharmacy and Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older by Brazilian Macroregions.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate the proportions of polypharmacy in the macroregions of Brazil, considering socioeconomic and demographic factors and their associations.
methodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the second wave (2019-2021) of ELSI-Brazil. The outcome was self-reported polypharmacy. Independent variables included sociodemographic, health, and behavioral factors, such as diabetes and hypertension. Descriptive analyses incorporated sample weights, and Poisson regression was employed to assess associations between polypharmacy and the independent variables. Analyses were stratified by the five macroregions of Brazil: North, Northeast, Southeast, South, and Central-West.
resultsThe study included 6917 participants aged 50 years or older. Differences in polypharmacy prevalence were observed across Brazilian macroregions. In the Central-West, polypharmacy was less frequent among rural residents (PR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.82-0.85) than among urban residents. In the North, polypharmacy was more frequent among non-white individuals (PR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.15) and less frequent among Black individuals (PR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88-0.96) compared with white individuals. In the Southeast and South, polypharmacy was more frequent among adults aged 80 years or older (PR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08-1.19 and PR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.27, respectively) than among younger groups. Although no formal statistical comparisons between regions were performed, the observed estimates and their confidence intervals indicate regional variation in polypharmacy.
conclusionThis study identified regional disparities in polypharmacy prevalence across Brazil's macroregions, influenced by factors such as age, chronic conditions, and socioeconomic status. Strengthening primary care, promoting rational medication use, addressing inequalities, and integrating prevention strategies are crucial to mitigating its negative impacts.
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