ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2026
A Dually Nanobody-Engineered Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Nanomedicine Targeting Tumour-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Cells for Cancer Therapy.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Tool in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A Dually Nanobody-Engineered Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Nanomedicine Targeting Tumour-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Cells for Cancer Therapy.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Engineering Small Extracellular Vesicles for Colon-Targeted Delivery: Microenvironment-Responsive Design, Therapeutic Mechanisms, and Clinical Translation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Tumour development and progression are driven by intricate interactions among various cell types within the tumour microenvironment (TME). Targeting a single cell type often fails to eradicate cancer, highlighting the need for strategies to co-target multiple cell types. MicroRNA-21-5p, highly abundant in tumour cells and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), exerts strong cancer-promoting effects. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in various cancer types, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed predominantly by TAMs in multiple cancers. In this study, we developed a dual-targeted engineered milk-derived extracellular vesicles system (7D12/KN035-iEVs), decorated with 7D12 (an EGFR nanobody) and KN035 (a PD-L1 nanobody), to specifically deliver miR-21-5p inhibitors into EGFR
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.