ArticleEye and vision (London, England)2026
Global burden and cross-country inequalities of age-related eye diseases from 1990 to 2021: a comprehensive analysis of temporal trends and socioeconomic disparities.
Article in Eye and vision (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- LPA1-Induced EMT of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Promotes Subretinal Fibrosis via USP1-Mediated Deubiquitination and Stabilization of ZEB1.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Associations Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Glaucoma: Results From the LifeLines Cohort and UK Biobank.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Dietary supplement use for eye health in adults: knowledge, motivations, and consumption patterns in a nationwide sample of adults in Poland, 2026.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAge-related eye diseases (AREDs) are leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. With global population aging, understanding their epidemiological trends and socioeconomic disparities is crucial for public health planning and equitable resource allocation.
methodsWe conducted a secondary epidemiological analysis of AREDs using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. We evaluated years lived with disability (YLDs) and age-standardized YLD rates (ASYR) and conducted trend analysis using Joinpoint regression. Cross-country inequalities were assessed using the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index, with correlation and regression analyses examining associations with the socio-demographic index (SDI).
resultsGlobal YLDs for AREDs increased from 78.503 to 100.006, while ASYR decreased from 112.815 to 92.803 per 100,000 populations between 1990 and 2021. Despite a global increase in the relative burden of glaucoma, both absolute and relative inequalities for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts decreased. Low-SDI countries showed slight improvements in reducing these inequalities. The SII for AREDs improved in lower-SDI countries between 1990 and 2021, with reductions in AMD (from - 9.250 to - 6.033), cataract (from - 258.131 to - 173.762), and glaucoma (from - 21.090 to - 20.064). The concentration index for AMD and cataract decreased from - 0.167 and - 0.335 in 1990 to - 0.129 and - 0.272 in 2021, respectively, while the concentration index for glaucoma increased from - 0.208 to - 0.263, Regional disparities in the AREDs burden were evident, with most regions showing improved inequality in lower-SDI countries as reflected in both the SII and concentration index.
conclusionsDespite global improvements in the relative burden of AREDs, significant socioeconomic and geographical inequalities persist, particularly in low-SDI regions. Targeted public health strategies and strengthened eye care systems are urgently needed to address these disparities and achieve equitable eye health outcomes worldwide.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.