Evidence mapPaperPMID 41626567Full record

ReviewJournal of pharmaceutical analysis2026

Beyond conventional therapies: Gut microbiota modulation and macromolecular drugs in the battle against cardiometabolic diseases.

Jingyue Wang, Jing Qu, Mengliang Ye, Ru Feng, Xiang Hui, Xinyu Yang, Jingyu Jin, Qian Tong, Xianfeng Zhang, Yan Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of pharmaceutical analysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jingyue WangState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Jing QuState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Mengliang YeState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Ru FengState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Xiang HuiState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Xinyu YangDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Jingyu JinState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Qian TongDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Xianfeng ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Yan WangState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) represent an ongoing major global health challenge, driven by complex interactions among genetic, environmental, microbiome-related, and other factors. While small-molecule drugs and lifestyle interventions can provide clinical benefits, they are possible to be constrained by the limited druggability of key target proteins, the potential risks of off-target effects, and difficulties in maintaining long-term adherence. In recent years, gut microbiota modulation and macromolecular drugs have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies. Gut microbiota modulation (e.g., probiotics, synbiotics, or natural products) exerts systemic metabolic and immune effects, supporting a therapeutic approach targeting multiple diseases. Meanwhile, macromolecular drugs (e.g., peptides, antibodies, and small nucleic acids) offer precise, pathway-targeted interventions. Despite advancements, limitations remain in addressing ethical considerations in microbiota modulation and optimizing targeted delivery systems, all of which may hinder clinical translation. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of therapeutic approaches for CMDs, with a focus on obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and atherosclerosis (AS). The review is structured around three key aspects: i) conventional therapies, including small-molecule drugs and lifestyle interventions; ii) emerging therapies encompassing gut microbiota modulation, macromolecular drugs, and their interactions; and iii) challenges and opportunities for comorbidity management, microbiota ethics, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven therapeutic optimization. We hope this review enhances the understanding of small-molecule drugs, lifestyle interventions, gut microbiota modulation, and macromolecular drugs in the management of CMDs, thereby fostering medical innovation and contributing to the development of system-based comprehensive therapeutic paradigms.

Indexed as

Cardiometabolic diseasesConventional therapiesGut microbiota modulationMacromolecular drugsOpportunities

Identifiers

PMID41626567
PMCPMC12856313

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.