Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41627035›Full record

ArticleJournal of microbiology & biology education2026

Teaching critical and systems thinking early: building the cognitive infrastructure for informed judgment and responsible citizenship.

Lara Amorim

Abstract readEditorial
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of microbiology & biology education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Lara AmorimDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-0859-8249

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia 2024.04293.BDANA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This editorial argues for teaching critical thinking and systems thinking explicitly and early using small, repeatable classroom reasoning routines that strengthen students' ability to evaluate evidence, justify claims, and anticipate trade-offs. In an information environment shaped by misinformation, polarization, and artificial intelligence-mediated "answers on demand," these routines support more reliable judgement and responsible citizenship. The piece outlines low-burden, adaptable strategies educators can embed into existing lessons and emphasizes teacher agency as the scaling mechanism for sustained implementation across contexts.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencecritical thinkinginformation literacymicrobiology educationmisinformationreasoning skillsscience educationscientific literacysystems thinkingteacher professional development

Identifiers

PMID41627035
PMCPMC13130974

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.