Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41628781›Full record

ReviewAgeing research reviews2026

Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as immune modulators in aging and age-related chronic inflammatory diseases.

Nan Chen, Carmen K Chan, Farhan Ullah Khan, Priya Makhijani, Taylor R Valentino, Shawn Winer, Cynthia T Luk, Daniel A Winer

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Ageing research reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nan ChenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Carmen K ChanBanting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada.
Farhan Ullah KhanDivision of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Priya MakhijaniBuck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA.
Taylor R ValentinoBuck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA.
Shawn WinerDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Cynthia T LukBanting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON M5C 2T2, Canada.
Daniel A WinerDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. Electronic address: dwiner@buckinstitute.org.

Funding

The B Cell Insulin Receptor in Health and in Insulin ResistanceR01DK128435 · NIDDK · BUCK INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON AGING · 2023 to 2025
$1.7M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK128435
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Age-associated dysbiosis, marked by shifts in the composition of gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites (GMDMs), is increasingly implicated in driving systemic low-grade inflammation during aging. The disrupted GMDM pools, including altered levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids (BAs) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, lead to mucosal barrier dysfunction, immunometabolic dysregulation, and modulation of innate and adaptive immune cells. In turn, this cascade of events drives tissue degeneration, chronic inflammation, and the onset of age-related diseases (ARDs). Here, we summarize the immunomodulatory role of major GMDMs and how aging may increase susceptibility to ARDs through changing GMDMs. We then explore the latest findings linking altered GMDM profiles to immune dysfunction across major gut-organ axes, including the liver, adipose tissue, muscle, and brain. Last, we highlight recent advances in harnessing GMDMs as geromedicine to improve aging parameters and discuss the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in accelerating the bench-to-bedside translation of GMDM research. Together, this review positions GMDMs as actionable targets in a dysbiosis-driven network of immune aging, offering new possibilities for the development of healthspan-extending precision geromedicine.

Indexed as

AgingGastrointestinal MicrobiomeInflammationAnimalsChronic DiseaseDysbiosisHumansAge-related diseasesAgingChronic inflammationDysbiosisGut microbiota-derived metabolitesInflammaging

Identifiers

PMID41628781
PMCPMC12927762

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.