ArticleSurgery open science2026
The role of negative pressure wound therapy-From the perspective of drainage fluid composition.
Article in Surgery open science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Treatment of gastrocnemius spasms induced by foot injury using negative pressure wound therapy: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) accelerates wound healing processes by promoting angiogenesis and vascularization. However, the molecular mechanisms and biological effects underpinning these processes remain unclear, while drainage fluids (and associated components) extracted by negative pressure suction are rarely investigated. This study investigated these components and explored their relationship with wound healing. To this end, a diabetic wound rat model was established, and wound exudate was collected using negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) equipment. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDFG-BB), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) expression levels were investigated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), circulating fibrocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. This study observed that during wound healing, the expression levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and chemokine-1 (SDF-1) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. This expression pattern was similar to that observed in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The data from this study indicate that NPWT significantly increases the clearance of drainage fluid and its related components (including growth factors, chemokines, and cells). Also, drainage fluid levels were proportional to wound healing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.