Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41633466›Full record

ArticleBrain stimulation

Cortical potentials evoked by stimulation of cervical vagus vs. auricular nerve: a comparative, parametric study in nonhuman primates.

I Rembado, M Ravan, M Akerman, M M Sanchez, K J Bascoc, C Birch, H Boyd, B Amoeni, A Morse, I Kemp and 6 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

I RembadoBrain and Consciousness, Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
M RavanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, USA.
M AkermanBiostatistics Unit, Office of Academic Affairs, Northwell Health, USA.
M M SanchezDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, USA.
K J BascocDepartment of Computer Science, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, USA.
C BirchDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
H BoydDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
B AmoeniDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
A MorseDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
I KempDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
J W HurDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
S PerlmutterDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
D SuProvidence Regional Medical Center, Everett, WA, USA; Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
C SisonBiostatistics Unit, Office of Academic Affairs, Northwell Health, USA.
E E FetzDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
S ZanosNorthwell Health, Lake Success, NY, USA; Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA. Electronic address: szanos@northwell.edu.

Funding

YILMA SIV VACCINIA VACCINE TRIALP51RR000166 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DACEY, DENNIS MICHAEL · 1985 to 2011
$161.1M
NEURAL CONTROL OF MUSCLE ACTIVITYR01NS012542 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI FETZ, EBERHARD E, PERLMUTTER, STEVE I · 1985 to 2022
$8.7M
Selective, Epineural Stimulation of Peripheral Nerves with Interferential Electrical FieldsR01NS136685 · NINDS · FEINSTEIN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI Stavros Zanos · 2025 to 2026
$1.2M
NCRR NIH HHS P51 RR000166NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS012542NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS136685
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stimulation of sensory vagal pathways is typically delivered via invasive, cervical vagus nerve stimulation (cVNS) or noninvasive, trans-auricular nerve stimulation (taNS). While both methods are investigated therapeutically, their effects on brain physiology remain poorly understood, hindering mechanistic insights and stimulus optimization. In 6 awake nonhuman primates, we recorded cortical vagal-evoked potentials (VEPs) from subdural electrodes placed in prefrontal, sensorimotor and parietal cortical areas, in response to cVNS or taNS. Across 478 different taNS and cVNS protocols, we varied stimulation side, intensity, frequency, pulse count, and pulse width and assessed independent effects on amplitude and latency of early (EC; 30-100 ms), intermediate (IC; 101-200 ms) and late components (LC; 201-500 ms) of VEPs. Fixed and random effects of stimulation parameters and subjects, respectively, on VEPs were assessed using a linear mixed-effects model. Overall, cVNS elicits more robust VEPs than taNS, with larger EC, IC and LC amplitudes, in both hemispheres. cVNS-elicited ECs and LCs are largest in PFC and PC areas, whereas ICs are largest in SM areas. On the other hand, taNS generally does not elicit area-specific responses. cVNS-elicited ECs have slower latency than ta-NS elicited ECs. Higher stimulation frequencies and intensities and a longer pulse width elicit larger ECs and ICs for cVNS, and to some extent for taNS. Both short and long cVNS trains elicit stronger ECs, and long trains elicit slower ICs. Earlobe stimulation elicits VEPs that partially overlap with those from taNS. In conclusion, cVNS and taNS elicit cortical VEPs in a manner consistent with distinct engagement of ascending vagal pathways, with both similarities and differences in the effects of stimulation parameters on evoked responses.

Indexed as

Cerebral CortexVagus NerveVagus Nerve StimulationAnimalsElectric StimulationElectroencephalographyFemaleMacaca mulattaMale

Identifiers

PMID41633466
PMCPMC13099176

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.