ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2026
Assessing thoughts, feelings and behaviours related to hypoglycaemia: Psychometric evaluation of the Hypoglycaemia Cues Questionnaire (HypoC-Q).
Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo describe the design and examine the psychometric properties of the Hypoglycaemia Cues Questionnaire (HypoC-Q) for assessing thoughts, feelings, and behaviours related to hypoglycaemia among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
methodsThe HypoC-Q was designed iteratively, informed by exploratory interviews with 17 adults with T1D with impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia and/or recurrent severe hypoglycaemia, and consultation with diabetologists. Psychometric analyses were completed on baseline data from the Hypo-METRICS study. Data from adults with T1D, reporting at least one hypoglycaemic event, were eligible if they had completed the baseline HypoC-Q. Completion rates, latent structure, internal consistency, construct and known-groups validity were examined.
resultsIn Hypo-METRICS, 154 participants (62% females; mean ± SD age 44 ± 15 years; T1D duration: 23 ± 16 years) were eligible. All completed all 40 HypoC-Q items, demonstrating its acceptability. Exploratory factor analysis identified four scales with satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.69-0.81): 1) low concern (7 items), 2) burnout (6 items), 3) missing cues (5 items), and 4) delaying treatment (9 items); plus eight items, treated separately. Construct validity was supported by significant moderate correlations between 'burnout' and fear of hypoglycaemia and diabetes distress, and between 'missing' and 'delay' with impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia; all three distinguished between those with intact and impaired awareness (known-groups validity); but not by history of severe hypoglycaemia.
conclusionsThe HypoC-Q is an acceptable, valid, and reliable measure of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours related to hypoglycaemia among adults with T1D. It is available for informing and assessing the effect of interventions to reduce hypoglycaemia exposure and impact.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.