Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41635448›Full record

ReviewHealth science reports2026

Association Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Maryam Mohammadi, Parsa Panahiyan, Faizan Bashir, Shayesteh Haghighi, Sara Ahmadi, Ensiyeh Olama, Yasaman Ghodsi Boushehri, Elnaz Olama, Alaleh Alizadeh, Zahra Sadat Hoseini Nasab and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Maryam MohammadiIslamic Azad University of Najafabad Najafabad Iran.
Parsa PanahiyanFaculty of Medicine Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0983-2117
Faizan BashirSchool of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9634-613X
Shayesteh HaghighiDepartment of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
Sara AhmadiSchool of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Ensiyeh OlamaStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine Georgian National University SEU Tbilisi Georgia.
Yasaman Ghodsi BoushehriShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-4849
Elnaz OlamaFaculty of Medicine Georgian National University SEU Tbilisi Georgia.
Alaleh AlizadehFaculty of Medicine Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-1722
Zahra Sadat Hoseini NasabSchool of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.
Mahdyieh NaziriStudent Research Committee, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Niloofar DeraviStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-6927
Neda FakhrghasemiAllergy Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.
Danyal YarahmadiStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4509-2447

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly seen as a chronic inflammatory state, with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) studied as a new biomarker of systemic inflammation. Evidence links NLR to glycemic control, but its consistency and strength vary. This review summarizes data on NLR's relationship with glycemic indicators, such as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), across different T2DM glycemic states. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase through November 2025 to find studies that reported both NLR and glycemic control indicators in adults with T2DM. Data were systematically extracted based on predefined criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was measured using the I² statistic, and robustness was assessed using sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was investigated using Begg's and Egger's tests, trim-and-fill analysis, and funnel plot examination. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 18 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). Results: The meta-analysis consisted of 27 studies (37 comparisons) with a total of 48,714 individuals from 11 nations. NLR demonstrated a stepwise gradient with deteriorating glycemic control: poorly controlled T2DM (HbA1c >  7%) had higher NLR than well-controlled T2DM (HbA1c ≤  7%) ( Conclusions: NLR rises progressively with deteriorating glycemic control and is markedly raised in poorly controlled T2DM. These observations endorse NLR as an inexpensive, widely available inflammatory biomarker that can augment conventional glycemic measures in the clinical setting.

Indexed as

glycemic controlhemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)inflammationNeutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)systemic inflammationType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Identifiers

PMID41635448
PMCPMC12862005

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.