Evidence mapPaperPMID 41635486Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Rivaroxaban versus warfarin: differential effects on oxidative stress and fibrinolytic markers in atrial fibrillation.

Helton Jose Reis, Luana Bernardes Xavier Costa, Gabriela Lopes Martins, Rita Carolina Figueiredo Duarte, Luma Clara Martins Costa, Estêvão Lanna Figueiredo, Francisco Rezende Silveira, Nathália Greco Coelho, Maria das Graças Carvalho, Luciene Bruno Vieira and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Helton Jose Reis *Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Luana Bernardes Xavier Costa *Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Gabriela Lopes MartinsDepartamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Rita Carolina Figueiredo DuarteFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Luma Clara Martins CostaFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Estêvão Lanna FigueiredoHospital Lifecenter, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Francisco Rezende SilveiraHospital Semper, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Nathália Greco CoelhoFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Maria das Graças CarvalhoFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Luciene Bruno VieiraDepartamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Edna Afonso ReisDepartamento de Estatística, Instituto de Ciências Exatas (ICEx), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Karina Braga GomesFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Cláudia Natália FerreiraFaculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by disorganized atrial electrical activity, resulting in ineffective mechanical contraction and a heightened propensity for intra-atrial thrombus formation. The underlying pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of pro-fibrotic, inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic pathways, notably oxidative stress and dysregulation of the fibrinolytic system. Given that these mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, this study sought to investigate the association between biomarkers of oxidative stress and antifibrinolytic activity in AF patients treated with the oral anticoagulants warfarin or rivaroxaban, in comparison to a healthy control cohort. Methods: A total of 85 AF patients-38 on rivaroxaban and 47 on warfarin-were enrolled alongside 62 matched healthy controls. Cellular metabolic activity was assessed via MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2γl)-2,5-Diphenyl Tetrazoline Bromide] assay measured by spectrophotometry. Serum concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, a marker of lipid peroxidation), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The rivaroxaban group exhibited significantly greater MTT absorbance, indicative of enhanced cellular metabolic activity, and significantly lower circulating TAFI levels compared to the warfarin group. Conclusion: These results suggest that in patients with AF, rivaroxaban may provide pleiotropic benefits beyond anticoagulation, potentially by augmenting cellular antioxidant mechanisms and suppressing antifibrinolytic activity.

Indexed as

atrial fibrillationfibrinolytic systemoxidative stressrivaroxabanwarfarin

Identifiers

PMID41635486
PMCPMC12862254

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.