ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
The impact of diabetes mellitus in prodromal Parkinson's disease.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGrowing evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with higher incidence and faster progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the association between DM and prodromal PD has yet to be explored.
methodsTo evaluate the effect of DM in prodromal PD, we classified 63 prodromal PD into two groups according to a prior diagnosis of DM: prodromal PD without DM (n = 51) and prodromal PD with DM (n = 12). At baseline, between-group comparisons of clinical symptoms, brain structure, and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pathology were performed. We then compared longitudinal changes in motor and cognitive symptoms between the two groups. Finally, the incidence of disease conversion in the two groups was compared using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.
resultsCompared to prodromal PD without DM, prodromal PD with DM had significantly lower global cognitive scores (p < 0.001), higher CSF p-tau (p = 0.005), decreased grey matter volume in the frontal lobe (FWE corrected, p < 0.05), and contracted shape in the bilateral putamina (TFCE FWE corrected p < 0.05). The linear mixed models demonstrated that prodromal PD with DM had significantly faster motor progression (p = 0.009) and cognitive decline (p = 0.012) than those without. Additionally, DM was associated with increased risk of disease conversion in prodromal PD (HR = 6.526, p = 0.003).
conclusionTheses findings indicate that pre-existing DM may confer a detrimental effect on disease phenotype and conversion in prodromal PD.
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