Evidence mapPaperPMID 41639722Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2026

Association of the triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Wenling Zheng, Ziyue Man, Yanping Ren, Yu Li, Xiaohong Zhu, Lan Wang, Xi Zhang, Guilin Hu, Yu Cao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wenling ZhengDepartment of Geriatrics Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China. zwl08201032@xjtufh.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-5306-6842
Ziyue ManDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Yanping RenDepartment of Geriatrics Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
Yu LiDepartment of Geriatrics Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
Xiaohong ZhuDepartment of Geriatrics Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
Lan WangDepartment of Cardiology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Xi ZhangDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Guilin HuDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Yu CaoDepartment of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82200472
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is a growing global health challenge. Whether the baseline or cumulative triglyceride glucose and Chinese visceral adiposity index product (TyG-CVAI) can predict incident CMM remains unclear.

methodsWe constructed two prospective cohorts from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS): Cohort 1 (n = 8895 patients) to assess the association of the baseline TyG-CVAI with CMM and Cohort 2 (n = 5839 patients) to assess the association of the cumulative TyG-CVAI with CMM. The cumulative TyG-CVAI was calculated as the average TyG-CVAI between baseline and the 2015 wave multiplied by the exposure time. Incident CMM was confirmed via a self-reported physician diagnosis, medication use, and clinical data. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Nonlinearity was assessed using restricted cubic splines, and predictive performance was evaluated by performing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

resultsDuring follow-up, 875 and 492 incident CMM cases were documented in Cohort 1 and Cohort 2, respectively. Both the baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI showed graded, positive associations with the CMM risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile was associated with significantly increased risks (baseline: HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.46-2.54; cumulative: HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.22-2.53). Significant nonlinear relationships with threshold effects were observed for both indices (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Furthermore, compared with their individual components (TyG or CVAI), both the baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI demonstrated superior predictive ability for CMM, as indicated by a larger area under the ROC curve.

conclusionsBoth the baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI are independent and nonlinear predictors of incident CMM, outperforming TyG or CVAI alone. This easily obtainable metric may enhance risk stratification and help identify high-risk individuals for early preventive intervention.

Indexed as

AdiposityBlood GlucoseCardiovascular DiseasesIntra-Abdominal FatMetabolic SyndromeObesity, AbdominalTriglyceridesAgedAge FactorsBiomarkersCardiometabolic Risk FactorsChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansIncidenceBiomarkersBlood GlucoseTriglyceridesCardiometabolic multimorbidityCHARLSInsulin resistanceTyG-CVAIVisceral adiposity

Identifiers

PMID41639722
PMCPMC12964883

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.