Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41642984›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Intense solar radiation constrains plant species richness in global grasslands.

Marie Spohn, Carlos Alberto Arnillas, Jonathan D Bakker, Elizabeth T Borer, Kari Anne Bråthen, Marc W Cadotte, Clinton Carbutt, Jane A Catford, Mary E DuPre, Ciara Dwyer and 25 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Intense solar radiation constrains plant species richness in global grasslands.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Marie SpohnDepartment of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala 75007, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-1010-7317
Carlos Alberto ArnillasDepartment of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1506-9978
Jonathan D BakkerSchool of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0002-8973-2771
Elizabeth T BorerDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.ORCID 0000-0003-2259-5853
Kari Anne BråthenDepartment of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9019, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0942-1074
Marc W CadotteDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5816-7693
Clinton CarbuttSchool of Agriculture and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-1540-0029
Jane A CatfordDepartment of Geography, King's College London, London WC2B 4BG, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0582-5960
Mary E DuPreMPG Ranch, Missoula, MT 59801.ORCID 0000-0002-1567-2681
Ciara DwyerCentre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Lund 22362, Sweden.
Nico EisenhauerGerman Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0371-6720
Catalina EstradaDepartment of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot SL57PY, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0074-0776
Nicole HagenahMammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Sylvia HaiderVegetation Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation Group, Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg 21335, Germany.
Kyle E HarmsDepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803.ORCID 0000-0002-8842-382X
Yann HautierEcology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4347-7741
Erika I Hersch-GreenDepartment of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931.ORCID 0000-0003-3887-0768
Johannes M H KnopsDepartment of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Lauri LaanistoChair of Biodiversity and Nature Tourism, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia.ORCID 0000-0003-2215-7298
Ramesh LaunganiDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, Marist University, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601.ORCID 0009-0006-9680-9040
Peter MacekChair of Biodiversity and Nature Tourism, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia.
Holly MartinsonDepartment of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD 21157.ORCID 0000-0003-1462-0051
Jonathan MillettDepartment of Geography & Environment, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-4701-3071
Meelis PärtelDepartment of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu 50409, Estonia.ORCID 0000-0002-5874-0138
Steven C PenningsDepartment of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204.ORCID 0000-0003-4757-7125
Pablo L PeriEstación Experimental Santa Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz 9400, Argentina.ORCID 0000-0002-5398-4408
Sally A PowerHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
Anita C RischResearch Unit Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland.
Christiane RoscherGerman Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9301-7909
Eric W SeabloomDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.ORCID 0000-0001-6780-9259
Nicholas G SmithDepartment of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409.
Carly StevensLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
Risto VirtanenEcology & Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu 90014, Finland.
Glenda M WardleSchool of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0189-1899
Pengfei ZhangDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.ORCID 0000-0001-7959-9092

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The search for predictors of plant diversity has challenged scientists for decades. Here we identify intense photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as a major factor constraining plant species richness in global grasslands. We show that the strength of the negative relationship between species richness and PAR increases with increasing elevation and that species richness is more strongly correlated with intense PAR than with UV-B radiation, climate variables, and atmospheric nitrogen deposition. In addition to species richness, plant biomass was also negatively correlated with PAR at higher elevations, indicating that intense PAR also constrains plant biomass in montane grasslands. Furthermore, we show that the decrease in plant species richness with increasing PAR is mainly caused by a decrease in species richness of forbs, sedges, and rushes. In contrast, species richness of grasses was only negatively correlated with PAR at high elevations, and species richness of legumes was not significantly correlated with PAR. Our results suggest that PAR constrains plant species richness in global grasslands and limits the extent to which plant species of specific functional groups can migrate uphill in response to climate warming.

Indexed as

BiodiversityGrasslandPlantsSunlightBiomassPhotosynthesisPoaceaeenvironmental filtersgrasslandsplant diversityplant species richnesssolar radiation

Identifiers

PMID41642984
PMCPMC12890815

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.