Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41644121›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2026

Methodological Design Choices Can Affect Air Pollution Exposure Disparity Estimates: A Case Study on California's Agricultural Sector.

Libby H Koolik, Simone Speizer, Clara Rong, Sarah Chambliss, Julian D Marshall, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Christopher W Tessum, Joshua S Apte

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. PMScience advances · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Libby H KoolikDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8339-927X
Simone SpeizerEnergy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2397-8760
Clara RongDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Sarah ChamblissDepartment of Population Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6170-1789
Julian D MarshallDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4087-1209
Rachel Morello-FroschDepartment of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1153-7287
Christopher W TessumDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8864-7436
Joshua S ApteDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2796-3478

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

People of color in the United States are disproportionately and unfairly exposed to air pollution. Equity-oriented scientific evaluations quantifying these disparities often use population-average exposure metrics to capture the overall inequality within a system. Utilizing these metrics involves choices about the exposure input for assessing disparity, the study geography, and the reference population, which are critical to understanding disparities and effectively designing interventions. Here, we use a case study of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM

Indexed as

AgricultureAir PollutionEnvironmental ExposureCaliforniaHumansParticulate MatterParticulate Matteragriculturedistributional justiceenvironmental justiceequityPM2.5

Identifiers

PMID41644121
PMCPMC12918526

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.