Evidence mapPaperPMID 41644729Full record

ArticleCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2026

AICAR attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI by modulating AMPK-TXNIP-NLRP3 pathway and energy metabolism.

Lingling Gan, Wanyi Li, Yamei Zhang, Jiawei Zeng, Bei Xu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lingling Gan *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, People's Republic of China.
Wanyi Li *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, People's Republic of China.
Yamei ZhangDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, People's Republic of China.
Jiawei Zeng *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, People's Republic of China. zjweee@sina.cn.
Bei Xu *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, People's Republic of China. xb1990625@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2732-0154

Funding

2023 Incubation Project of Mianyang Central Hospital 2023FH0062024 Incubation Project of Mianyang Central Hospital 2024FH0082025 Incubation Project of Mianyang Central Hospital 2025FH002Health Commission of Sichuan Province Medical Science and Technology Program 24QNMP035NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation 2022HYX007Youth Fund the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82202616
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to elucidate the synergistic protective mechanism of the AMPK agonist 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) in ischemia-reperfusion injury -associated acute kidney injury (IRI-AKI). By establishing a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model using human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and IRI-AKI rat model, and employing molecular techniques including qRT-PCR, western blotting, serum biochemical assays, renal tissue hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we demonstrated that AICAR activates AMPK, leading to the significant downregulation of TXNIP and NLRP3, blocks Caspase-1-dependent release of IL-1β and IL-18, and ultimately suppresses pyroptosis, thereby alleviating renal inflammatory injury. Furthermore, AICAR restored mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels in H/R-treated HK-2 cells, reduced reactive oxygen species production in renal tissues of IRI-AKI rats, and elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes. Concurrently, utilizing targeted metabolomics technology, we discovered that AICAR effectively restores the levels of multiple metabolites associated with glycolysis, the TCA cycle, the urea cycle, and tryptophan metabolism and alleviates lipid deposition in IRI-AKI. This confirms that AICAR alleviates IRI-AKI by activating AMPK to restore impaired cellular energy metabolism, improve mitochondrial function, and ameliorate oxidative stress. Notably, this study is the first to reveal that AICAR, via AMPK activation, synchronously regulates dual protective pathways: "pyroptosis inhibition" and "energy metabolism remodeling." This synergistic protective mechanism may represent the core advantage distinguishing AICAR from other potential therapeutic strategies, highlighting its substantial translational potential as a multi-mechanism synergistic therapeutic agent. Our findings provide an innovative dual-regulatory ("pyroptosis-energy metabolism") therapeutic strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of IRI-AKI.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryAminoimidazole CarboxamideAMP-Activated Protein KinasesCarrier ProteinsEnergy MetabolismNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinReperfusion InjuryRibonucleotidesAnimalsCell LineHumansMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReactive Oxygen SpeciesSignal TransductionAICA ribonucleotideAminoimidazole CarboxamideAMP-Activated Protein KinasesCarrier ProteinsNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinReactive Oxygen SpeciesRibonucleotidesAcute kidney injuryAICARAMPK-TXNIP-NLRP3 pathwayIschemia reperfusionMetabolic reprogramming

Identifiers

PMID41644729
PMCPMC12886678

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.