Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41645310›Full record

ArticleNutrition & metabolism2026

Appropriate use of spot-urine sodium estimates for population-level and exploratory analyses: a response to Campbell and Cappuccio.

Jonas Wuopio, Lin Yi-Ting, Koen F Dekkers, Tove Fall, J Gustav Smith, Anders Larsson, Gunnar Engström, Marju Orho-Melander, Linda Johnson, Johan Ärnlöv

Abstract readLetter
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrition & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jonas WuopioDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. jonas.wuopio@ki.se.
Lin Yi-TingDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Koen F DekkersMolecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Tove FallMolecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Gustav SmithThe Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Anders LarssonDepartment of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Gunnar EngströmDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Marju Orho-MelanderDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Linda JohnsonDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Johan ÄrnlövDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In response to Campbell and Cappuccio's comments, this letter clarifies and defends the appropriate use of spot-urine sodium estimates in population-level and exploratory analyses. The critique misrepresents key aspects of the study design and overstates the limitations of spot-urine equations. While acknowledging that these methods are unsuitable for precise individual assessment, they perform adequately for ranking individuals and examining population-level associations, as supported by extensive validation studies. The reported associations with metabolic traits were internally consistent, biologically plausible, and in agreement with findings from studies using 24-hour urine collections. Dismissing such analyses as "invalid" undermines constructive scientific dialogue and disregards the exploratory value of transparent, hypothesis-generating research.

Identifiers

PMID41645310
PMCPMC12874944

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.