Evidence mapPaperPMID 41645388Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2026

Picture living with diabetes: A photovoice study of young adults' efforts in making diabetes care fit into their lives.

Anka Van Gastel, Matthijs Graner-Baars, Eelco J P De Koning, Victor M Montori, Viet-Thi Tran, Sean F Dinneen, Jessica Mesman, Joris Swaak, Henk-Jan Aanstoot, Anne M Stiggelbout and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07498738 (Making Diabetes Care Fit for Young Adults Living With Type 1 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07498738 nanot yet recruitingnot on this map

Making Diabetes Care Fit for Young Adults Living With Type 1 Diabetes: Observations, Reflections and Expert Opinions

TypeinterventionalSponsorLeiden University Medical CenterRan2026 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsType 1 DiabetesArmsMaking Care Fit tool, Care as usual
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Treatment burden and health-related quality of life in young adults with type 1 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anka Van GastelBiomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5020-6326
Matthijs Graner-BaarsThe Foundation ééndiabetes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eelco J P De KoningInternal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-7022
Victor M MontoriKnowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Viet-Thi TranGeneral Medicine, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.
Sean F DinneenGalway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-0493
Jessica MesmanDepartment of Society Studies, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Joris SwaakPanton Medical Design Agency, Deventer, The Netherlands.
Henk-Jan AanstootDiabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Anne M StiggelboutBiomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Marleen KunnemanBiomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5334-1085

Funding

Diabetes Fonds
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis study aimed to identify what young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do to make diabetes care fit in their lives and the impact of diabetes and diabetes care on living.

methodsDutch young adults with T1D (18-30 years old) submitted photographed real-life situations of efforts to make care fit and of the impact of care on their lives. Participants organised their photos in themes, which guided the focus group discussions. We added a reflective questionnaire, semi-structured interview and iterative validation to identify participant-defined themes and summarise the data.

resultsParticipants (N = 18) submitted 240 photographs in total, showing a broad range of situations and emotions. Participants identified 16 themes, grouped into four overarching categories describing their experiences with diabetes: (1) My diabetes: glucose levels, workload, 24/7 present; (2) My life: flow of (daily) life, special and irregular circumstances, life changes, body and health; (3) Support: devices and technology, social network, clinical (diabetes) care; (4) Mental aspects: emotional processes, perspective, being a patient. In the overlap of My diabetes and My life, they identified eating and counting carbohydrates, activity and exercise, recreational substances.

conclusionYoung adults with T1D face the complex challenge of fitting their care into their ever-changing lives. While support systems, such as devices, healthcare professionals and social networks can help, they can also create burdens. Participants emphasised the importance of mental health in their lives with T1D. This study highlights the need for diabetes care that acknowledges the emotional, social and practical realities of young adults' lives.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Quality of LifeSelf CareActivities of Daily LivingAdolescentAdultEmotionsFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleNetherlandsPhotographySocial SupportSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultactivities of daily livingcommunity‐based participatory researchdiabetes mellitusmaking care fitqualitative researchtype 1young adult

Identifiers

PMID41645388
PMCPMC13074116

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.