Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41645458›Full record

ReviewNeuro-oncology2026

Neurofibromatosis type 1-plexiform neurofibromas: Integrating treatment across pediatric and adult populations.

Amy E Armstrong, Andrea M Gross, Laura J Klesse, Steven D Rhodes, Shivani Ahlawat, Verena Staedtke, Camilo A Molina, Angela C Hirbe

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuro-oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Amy E ArmstrongDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Andrea M GrossDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Laura J KlesseUniversity of Texas Southwestern/Children's Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1323-7720
Steven D RhodesIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Shivani AhlawatJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4437-5237
Verena StaedtkeJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7874-5585
Camilo A MolinaDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Angela C HirbeDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1719-0771

Funding

SpringWorks Therapeutics, Inc
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are a hallmark of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), affecting ∼50% of individuals with the condition. Originating from Schwann cells and other peripheral nerve sheath components, these tumors can cause significant morbidity, including functional impairment, diminished health-related quality of life, chronic pain, and malignant transformation. Managing NF1-PNs is challenging because of disease variability, differing growth rates, and age-related differences in clinical presentation and treatment tolerability. This review examines current therapeutic strategies, including surgery, medical therapies, and emerging treatments, emphasizing individualized care. Highlighted here is the need for age-specific treatment planning, particularly as disease progression, comorbidities, and side-effect profiles differ between pediatric and adult patients. Optimizing outcomes requires personalized surveillance and coordinated multidisciplinary management across all age groups. While MEK inhibitors (MEKi) provide therapeutic benefit, their long-term efficacy and safety, particularly in pediatric patients who may receive these agents for extended periods, warrant further investigation. Additionally, adult patients face unique comorbidities that may complicate therapy. Superficial PNs and potential MEK inhibitor resistance remain underexplored. Growing interest in combination therapies and adjuvant strategies may improve outcomes. Ongoing research is crucial to personalize treatment regimens, to identify effective combinations, and to refine surveillance protocols, ultimately enhancing long-term quality of life for individuals living with NF1-PN.

Indexed as

Neurofibroma, PlexiformNeurofibromatosis 1AdultChildCombined Modality TherapyHumansQuality of LifeMEK-inhibitor-targeted therapynatural historyneurofibromatosis type 1plexiform neurofibromastherapeutics

Identifiers

PMID41645458
PMCPMC13128489

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.