Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41645554›Full record

ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2026

NLRP3-Caspase-1 Axis in Human Adipose Tissue Crown-Like Structures: A Potential Mediator of Inflammation and the Effects of Bariatric Surgery.

Ville A Palomäki, Juha P Väyrynen, Vesa Koivukangas, Sanna Meriläinen, Tuomo J Karttunen, Petri Lehenkari

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Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ville A PalomäkiDepartment of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-7073
Juha P VäyrynenCancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8683-2996
Vesa KoivukangasDepartment of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Sanna MeriläinenDepartment of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Tuomo J KarttunenCancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Petri LehenkariCancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Funding

Ministry of Social Affairs and Health of Finland K47867Sosiaali- ja Terveysministeriö K47867
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity-related comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, are associated with chronic inflammation mediated by macrophages. This inflammation is characterized by the accumulation of macrophages in crown-like structures (CLS) surrounding dead adipocytes within adipose tissue. In a recent study, we reported a significant reduction in CLS-associated macrophages following bariatric surgery. The NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream effector, Caspase-1, are well-established mediators of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in obesity.

methodsImmunohistochemical single- and multiplex staining of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples from patients with obesity was performed to characterize the detailed distribution of NLRP3 and Caspase-1. The samples were collected during gastric bypass surgery and at a 1-year follow-up.

resultsBoth NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were expressed by CD68-positive macrophages in SAT including both single macrophages and those forming CLS. A reduction in the total number of SAT macrophages expressing these proteins was detected following gastric bypass. Furthermore, NLRP3 and Caspse-1 were observed in the endothelium of vascular structures.

conclusionsOur findings demonstrate that both CLS-forming and single cell macrophage populations in human adipose tissue express NLRP3 and Caspase-1. The study highlights the significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome macrophages in the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity. The previously reported abundance of CLS in untreated obesity and their reduction after bariatric surgery suggest that the NLRP3-Caspase-1 axis within CLS may serve as an important mediator of the beneficial metabolic effects associated with bariatric surgery.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueBariatric SurgeryCaspase 1InflammationNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinObesitySubcutaneous FatAdipocytesAdultAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCD68 MoleculeFemaleGastric BypassHumansInflammasomesMacrophagesAntigens, Differentiation, MyelomonocyticCaspase 1CD68 antigen, humanCD68 MoleculeInflammasomesNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinNLRP3 protein, humancaspase‐1crown‐like structuresinflammationmacrophageNLRP3obesity

Identifiers

PMID41645554
PMCPMC12877315

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.