Evidence mapPaperPMID 41646705Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2026

A metabolite index of ultra-processed food intake is associated with stroke, cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality.

Zsuzsanna Ament, Jonathan Duskin, Amelia Demopoulos, Varun M Bhave, Ana-Lucia Garcia Guarniz, Carol R Oladele, Suzanne Judd, Hemant K Tiwari, Laura C Pinheiro, M Ryan Irvin and 3 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zsuzsanna AmentHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0316-4348
Jonathan DuskinHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1771-6710
Amelia DemopoulosCenter for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Varun M BhaveHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4442-3454
Ana-Lucia Garcia GuarnizCenter for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7036-5203
Carol R OladeleEquity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1154-8974
Suzanne JuddDepartment of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7594-6587
Hemant K TiwariDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Laura C PinheiroDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6920-8526
M Ryan IrvinDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Douglas E LevyHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Anne N ThorndikeHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1096-9221
W Taylor KimberlyHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2519-8530

Funding

VCID and Stroke in a Bi-racial National CohortU01NS041588 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI MARY CUSHMAN, George Howard · 2002 to 2022
$25.4M
Gut microbiome-related metabolites and cognitive impairmentR01AG089361 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$781k
Mentorship in patient-oriented research on behavioral and social determinants of cardiometabolic healthK24HL163073 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$126k
NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL163073NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080477NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125486NIA NIH HHS R01 AG089361NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114735NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS099209NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS041588
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are associated with adverse health outcomes, but measurement of UPF intake in epidemiological studies remains challenging. Dietary assessments typically employ recall questionnaires, which may lead to measurement errors and misclassifications. Here, we develop a plasma metabolite index of UPF consumption to objectively measure UPF intake. Using two years of authentic food purchasing records from the ChooseWell 365 cohort, we identify metabolites associated with long-term UPF intake. We then apply the UPF-metabolite index to the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort, a population-based cohort of U.S. adults followed for incident health outcomes. The UPF-metabolite index was associated with leading causes of morbidity and mortality, including incident stroke, all-cause mortality, and cancer mortality. Mediation analysis revealed that the UPF-metabolite index accounts for 62% of the association between UPF intake and stroke risk. These findings suggest that the UPF-metabolite index offers an objective method for assessing UPF intake and its contribution to diet-related disease risk.

Identifiers

PMID41646705
PMCPMC12870671

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.