Evidence mapPaperPMID 41648727Full record

Trial reportFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Effects of aerobic exercise on integrated cardiovascular health and energy metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Shihe Wang, Zhouyu Liu, Ning Feng, Yaodong Guo, Qi Chen, Yiyang Cao, Xuelu Li, Xiao Liu, Zhiwei Yan

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shihe Wang *Liaoning Provincial Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Zhouyu Liu *The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Ning FengCollege of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yaodong GuoProvincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Qi ChenLiaoning Provincial Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yiyang CaoThe QUEEN MARY School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Xuelu LiDepartment of Breast Surgery and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Xiao LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Zhiwei YanLiaoning Provincial Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces integrated cardiovascular and metabolic impairments. The comprehensive effect of aerobic exercise on these systemic alterations remains unclear. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to investigate its impact on integrated cardiovascular health - specifically assessed by nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) and myocardial global work efficiency (GWE) - and systemic energy metabolism in patients with T2DM. Methods: This study is a randomized, single-assessor-blind, parallel-group, two-arm controlled trial that will enroll 74 patients with T2DM. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a 12-week supervised aerobic exercise group (55-75% of HR Discussion: This study provides an integrated physiological perspective on how 12-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise influences cardiovascular function and systemic metabolism in patients with T2DM. We hypothesize that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise will significantly improve NMD and GWE, concurrent with enhanced metabolic flexibility and reduced fatigue compared to the non-exercise control group.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Energy MetabolismExerciseExercise TherapyAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSingle-Blind Methodaerobic exercisecardiovascular healthenergy metabolismintegrative physiological functionT2DM

Identifiers

PMID41648727
PMCPMC12867870

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.