Evidence mapPaperPMID 41650161Full record

Trial reportPloS one2026

Protocol: Effects of midazolam on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial.

Chaoxu Sheng, Miao Zhu, Liyong Yuan, Jianlin Wang, Bo Hu, Xiaolu Huang, He Han

Abstract readEquivalence TrialRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chaoxu ShengDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Miao ZhuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7636-7984
Liyong YuanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Jianlin WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Bo HuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaolu HuangDepartment of Operating Room, Ningbo Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
He HanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6447-1820

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPostoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication in elderly patients, linked to prolonged hospitalization, increased morbidities, and mortality. Midazolam, a widely used perioperative benzodiazepine, has controversial associations with POD: some studies suggest risks, while others find no significant link, but evidence quality remains low. This trial explores whether midazolam is non-inferior to placebo in POD incidence among elderly spinal surgery patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial at Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, China, enrolling 692 elderly patients undergoing elective spinal surgery under general anesthesia. Exclusions include emergency surgery, long-term preoperative benzodiazepine use, and severe cognitive impairment. Participants are randomized 1:1 to receive midazolam (2 mg) or placebo (saline) during induction, via sealed envelopes. Blinding is maintained except for the preparing nurse. Primary outcome: POD incidence assessed by Evaluation tool: Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) on postoperative days 1-3. Secondary outcomes include POD details, agitation (Richmond scale), pain (NRS), lab indicators, hospital stay, and complications.

Indexed as

DeliriumMidazolamPostoperative ComplicationsSpineAgedDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGeriatric AnesthesiaHumansMaleMidazolam

Identifiers

PMID41650161
PMCPMC12880649

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.