ArticleBMC anesthesiology2026
The effects of desflurane on male rat reproductive hormones, testicular tissue, and sperm morphology: an experimental study.
Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDesflurane is a widely used inhalational anesthetic known for its advantageous properties in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate the effects of desflurane inhalation on male reproductive hormones, testicular tissue integrity, and sperm morphology in a rat model.
methodsThirty male rats were allocated into six experimental groups: Control group (C): Administered 2 L/min of O₂ for 18 minutes daily over seven days. Group D1: Exposed to 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane and 2 L/min of O₂ for 18 minutes daily over seven days. Group D2: Received the same treatment as Group 1 for seven days, followed by a seven-day recovery period without intervention. Group D3: Administered 1 MAC desflurane and 2 L/min of O₂ for 18 minutes daily over 14 days. Group D4: Received the same treatment as Group 3 for 14 days, followed by a seven-day recovery period without intervention. Group D5: Administered the same treatment as Group 3 for 14 days, followed by a 14-day recovery period without intervention.Biochemical analyses were conducted to measure serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and inhibin B. Histopathological evaluations were performed to assess testicular tissue integrity, and sperm morphology was examined to identify abnormalities.
resultsSignificant histopathological damage was observed in all experimental groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The proportion of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa was significantly higher in Groups D2, D3, D4, and D5 compared to the control group (p = 0.030, p = 0.002, p < 0.001, and p = 0.016, respectively). Compared to the control group, serum FSH levels showed a slight decrease across desflurane-exposed groups (ranging from -1.4% to +4.02%). The LH levels demonstrated a gradual reduction of approximately 0.32%-7.38%, while serum testosterone concentrations increased markedly, reaching up to 178% of the control level in the D4 group. Inhibin-B levels exhibited a progressive elevation of nearly 23-95% compared to control group.
conclusionChronic inhalation of desflurane, a modern inhalational anesthetic, was found to adversely affect testicular histology, sperm morphology, and the regulation of male reproductive hormones in rats. These findings highlight potential reproductive toxicity associated with prolonged desflurane exposure.
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