SynthesisInternational journal of public health2026
Access to Essential Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitators.
Synthesis in International journal of public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Regimens in Flow Diversion for Intracranial Aneurysms: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical neuroradiology · 2026Review
- Medicines governance and systemic constraints: A qualitative study among healthcare professionals in South Africa.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2026Article
- Availability, prices, and affordability of essential medicines for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a multi-regional survey using the WHO/HAI methodology in Pakistan.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Operationalizing the WHO Blueprint for Fungal Disease and Antifungal Resistance in Fragile Health Systems: Insights from Somalia.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Patient Satisfaction with Inpatient Services and Associated Factors Among Admitted Patients in General Hospitals of Sidama Region, Ethiopia.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To conduct a systematic review to analyze the barriers and facilitators related to accessing essential medicines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We searched PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Web of Science for studies published between 2002 and 2025. Studies were included if they were peer-reviewed, written in English or Spanish, and reported data on barriers or facilitators across three dimensions: availability, affordability, and adequate use. Results: From 1010 identified records, 36 studies were included. Most were quantitative (n = 26), followed by qualitative (n = 8) and mixed-methods (n = 2) designs. Barriers (n = 34 studies) were reported more frequently than facilitators (n = 25), particularly for availability and affordability. Key barriers included public sector stock-outs and high prices in the private sector. A key facilitator was the presence of a national essential medicines list. Conclusion: Our analysis compiles evidence on barriers and facilitators affecting access to essential medicines in LMICs. Policies favoring generic drug procurement and public-private sector disparities highlight the complexity of ensuring equitable access.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.