ReviewCureus2026
Hamstring Tendon vs. Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts for Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Football (Soccer) Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common and career-impacting injury among football players, often requiring surgical reconstruction. The two most commonly used grafts, hamstring tendon (HT) and bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), have both shown favorable outcomes, but the optimal choice remains debated. This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare outcomes of ACL reconstruction using HT vs. BPTB autografts specifically in football players. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases from inception to January 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and observational cohort or case-control studies comparing HT and BPTB autografts in football players undergoing primary ACL reconstruction. The primary outcome was graft failure rate. Secondary outcomes included return to sport, isokinetic muscle strength, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), donor-site morbidity, and knee stability. Meta-analyses were performed for outcomes reported in ≥2 studies with statistical heterogeneity (I²) ≤ 60%. Outcomes with high heterogeneity or limited reporting were summarized narratively using the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) and Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions Version 2 (ROBINS-I V2) tools. Nine studies with 1,173 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of five studies (n = 1,013) showed no statistically significant difference in graft failure rates between the graft types (HT: 7.88%, BPTB: 6.34%, OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.80-2.67,
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Registered trials
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