Evidence mapPaperPMID 41661371Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2026

A novel posterior occlusal splint improves symptoms and prognosis of coexisting temporomandibular disorders and deep bite: a retrospective study.

Yunyi Yuan, Antong Wu, Jiaqian Fan, Yufu Lin, Zhilei Liu, Liwen Huang, Junxi Feng, Qingbin Zhang, Zhenlong Liu, Xingyang Li and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yunyi Yuan *Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Antong Wu *Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Jiaqian Fan *Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Yufu LinDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Zhilei LiuDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Liwen HuangDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Junxi FengDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Qingbin ZhangDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Zhenlong LiuDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Xingyang LiDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
Wei CaoDepartment of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Dongfengxi road 195, Guangzhou, 510180, China. doctor.cao@gzhmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province No. A2024532National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC2509200Research Capability Enhancement Program of Guangzhou Medical University No. 2024SRP162
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a common syndrome characterized by pain and mandibular dysfunction, with occlusal factors such as deep bite potentially contributing to biomechanical changes in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). Managing patients with coexisting TMD and deep bite is often complex. This study aimed primarily to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a novel posterior occlusal splint in improving TMD-related pain and mandibular function, and secondarily to assess overall treatment prognosis and changes in overbite. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis retrospective study included 448 patients (355 females, 93 males) with TMD and deep bite, aged 11–66 years (mean ± SD: 26.53 ± 9.93), all with full permanent dentition from the first premolar to the first molar. All patients were treated using a novel posterior occlusal splint. Clinical parameters-including joint tenderness, joint movement pain, push-back mandibular test results, maximum mouth opening, joint noises, and intermittent closed lock-were assessed at baseline (T0) and 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups. Overbite measurements were taken using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) at T0) and at the 6-month follow-up (T6).

resultsThe splint significantly alleviated TMD-related pain, including joint tenderness, joint movement pain, and positive push-back mandibular test results, and demonstrated a stable long-term prognosis with low recurrence rates (2.6%–5%). Improvements were also observed in maximum mouth opening. No significant changes were found in joint noises, intermittent closed lock, or overbite values, with joint noises showing occasional recurrence (7%–10%).

conclusionThe novel posterior occlusal splint demonstrated promising short-term and sustained benefits in treating pain and improving mandibular function in patients with coexisting TMD and deep bite. However, its effectiveness in treating joint noises and deep bite appears limited. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This splint offers a clinically effective, patient-friendly alternative to traditional occlusal appliances, particularly during the early stages of treatment for patients coexisting with TMD and deep bite.

Indexed as

MalocclusionOcclusal SplintsTemporomandibular Joint DisordersAdolescentAdultChildCone-Beam Computed TomographyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultCone-Beam computed tomographyFace painOcclusal splintsOverbiteTemporomandibular joint disordersTemporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome

Identifiers

PMID41661371
PMCPMC12886298

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.