Evidence mapPaperPMID 41663161Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Laparoscopic bariatric surgery versus any non-surgical intervention for adolescents or adults with obesity: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Olivia Duun, Marie-Louise Dichman, Jane Lindschou, Jadine Scragg, Johanne Juul Petersen, Kirstine Nyvold Bojsen-Møller, Susan A Jebb, Christian Gluud, Carsten Dirksen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Olivia DuunDepartment of Respiratory Diseases and Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark olivia.maltha.duun@regionh.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-4748-0437
Marie-Louise DichmanDepartment of Respiratory Diseases and Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Jane LindschouCopenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jadine ScraggPrimary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Johanne Juul PetersenCopenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9837-1958
Kirstine Nyvold Bojsen-MøllerDepartment of Respiratory Diseases and Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Susan A JebbPrimary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-2920
Christian GluudCopenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Carsten DirksenDepartment of Respiratory Diseases and Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe number of people living with obesity is increasing rapidly worldwide, and the WHO estimates approximately 5 million deaths yearly from non-communicable diseases related to elevated body mass index (BMI). The most effective treatment for weight loss is bariatric surgery, but due to the associated risks and the need for lifelong care, this is not a viable treatment for every patient. With the advent of gut-hormone-based medications to treat obesity, the effectiveness of non-surgical treatment is approaching that of surgical interventions. We therefore aim to investigate the beneficial and harmful effects of laparoscopic bariatric surgery versus any non-surgical treatment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis applying our eight-step procedure to assess thresholds for clinical significance and trial sequential analysis to mitigate the risk of random errors. To identify relevant trials, we will search for both published and unpublished trials, without any language restriction, in major medical databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SCI-EXPANDED and CPCI-S) and trial registries. The date range covered by the search is from database inception until final search date-within 3 months prior to submission of final results manuscript. Two review authors will independently screen references, extract data and perform risk-of-bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. We will include randomised clinical trials comparing laparoscopic surgery currently in use with any non-surgical comparator in adults or adolescents with BMI >30 kg/m ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This review will collect and perform secondary analysis of data from publicly available sources and ethical approval is therefore not required. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant scientific conferences. We will strive to publish with open access. Awareness will be made through social media platforms. This review aims to help clinicians in identifying best practices in the wide-spanning field of obesity treatment. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420251135341.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryLaparoscopyObesityAdolescentAdultBody Mass IndexHumansMeta-Analysis as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicWeight LossAdolescentBariatric SurgeryMeta-AnalysisObesityOther metabolic, e.g. iron, porphyriaSystematic Review

Identifiers

PMID41663161
PMCPMC12887495

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.