Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41664080›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2026

The gene expression landscape of disease genes.

Judit García-González, Alanna C Cote, Saul Garcia-Gonzalez, Lathan Liou, Paul F O'Reilly

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Judit García-GonzálezDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA. judit.garciagonzalez@mssm.edu.
Alanna C CoteDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA.
Saul Garcia-GonzalezDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA.
Lathan LiouDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA.
Paul F O'ReillyDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, 10029, USA. paul.oreilly@mssm.edu.

Funding

Next-generation, pathway-specific, polygenic risk scoresR01MH122866 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI O'REILLY, PAUL FRANCIS · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
PATHFINDER: Finding the genomic and clinical pathways underlying heterogeneity in complex diseaseK99HG013547 · NHGRI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GARCIA GONZALEZ, JUDIT · 2024 to 2025
$292k
Brain & Behavior Research Foundation 30749NHGRI NIH HHS 1K99HG013547-01NHGRI NIH HHS K99 HG013547NIH HHS R01MH122866NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH122866
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFine-mapping and gene-prioritisation techniques applied to the latest genome-wide association study (GWAS) results have prioritised hundreds of genes as causally associated with disease. Here we leverage these recently compiled lists of high-confidence causal genes to interrogate where in the body disease genes operate, providing a more direct approach than previous studies, which have primarily relied on the enrichment of GWAS signals among genes with cell- or tissue-specific expression.

resultsBy integrating GWAS summary statistics, gene prioritisation results, and RNA-seq data from 46 tissues and 204 cell types, we directly analyse the gene expression of putative disease genes across the body in relation to 11 major diseases and cancers. In tissues and cell types with established disease relevance, disease genes show higher and more specific gene expression compared to control genes. Moreover, we detect elevated expression in tissues and cell types without previous links to the corresponding disease. While some of these results may be explained by cell types that span multiple tissues, such as macrophages in brain, blood, lung and spleen in relation to Alzheimer's disease (P-values < 10

conclusionsWe provide our systematic testing framework as an open-source, publicly available tool that can be utilised to offer novel insights into the genes, tissues and cell types involved in any disease, with the potential for informing drug development and delivery strategies.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansNeoplasmsOrgan Specificity

Identifiers

PMID41664080
PMCPMC12983648

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.