Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41664658›Full record

SynthesisPeerJ2026

Effects of exercise interventions on memory in depression: a three-level meta-analysis.

Xiaoling Zhu, Yunong Zhang, Cong Liu, Xing Wang

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiaoling ZhuSports Department, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.
Yunong ZhangDepartment of Physical Education, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
Cong LiuSchool of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.
Xing WangSchool of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Patients with depression have memory impairment. Exercise can improve memory in people with depression. This study employs a three-level meta-analysis to investigate the interventional effects of exercise on verbal and visual memory in patients with depression. Methods: A systematic electronic search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biomedicine, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise interventions on memory in individuals with depression, up to July 18, 2024. A three-level meta-analysis based on a random-effects model was performed using R. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicated a statistically significant but small effect of exercise on verbal memory in patients with depression ( Conclusions: Exercise may confer a small improvement in verbal memory among adults with depression, while no clear effect was observed for visual memory. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed to explore the impact of exercise on memory in patients with depression. Research plan was registered in international system evaluation platform PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) (CRD42023473393).

Indexed as

DepressionExerciseExercise TherapyMemoryMemory DisordersHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicDepressionExerciseMemoryMeta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID41664658
PMCPMC12883154

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.