Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41666739›Full record

ReviewJACC. Advances2026

A Clinician's Guide for Trending Cardiovascular Nutritional Controversies in 2026.

Michael Miller, Monica Aggarwal, Kathleen Allen, Romit Bhattacharya, Lily N Dastmalchi, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Elizabeth Klodas, Dariush Mozaffarian, Robert J Ostfeld, Kristina S Petersen and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in JACC. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Michael MillerDepartment of Medicine, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VAMC and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address: michael.miller@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Monica AggarwalDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Kathleen AllenDepartment of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Romit BhattacharyaDepartment of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Lily N DastmalchiDepartment of Cardiology, Inova Health Systems, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
Penny M Kris-EthertonDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Elizabeth KlodasStep One Foods, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Dariush MozaffarianFood is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Robert J OstfeldDivision of Cardiology, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, New York, USA.
Kristina S PetersenDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Koushik R ReddyDivision of Cardiology, James A. Harvey VA Medical Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Emilio RosInstitut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
Vall VinaithirthanDepartment of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Andrew M FreemanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although the broad outlines of a healthy diet are clear, controversy has arisen surrounding certain foods and nutrients. This review updates contemporary nutrition controversies and the extent to which they may promote or protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, beef tallow, ultraprocessed foods, full-fat dairy, seed oils, medium chain triglyceride oils, seafood, and alternative sweeteners are considered. Three groupings included: 1) evidence of harm with a recommendation to limit or avoid; 2) lacking in evidence for harm or benefit; and 3) evidence of benefit. The evidence of harm category included beef tallow, due to association with increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ultraprocessed foods associated with worsened cardiometabolic health, and artificial sweeteners owing to correlations with increased CVD. Within the category lacking in evidence were full-fat dairy, medium chain triglyceride, monk fruit, and stevia. Finally, evidence of benefit included seed oils and seafood based on improved CVD outcomes.

Indexed as

beef tallowfull-fat dairyseafoodseed oilstriglyceridesultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID41666739
PMCPMC12914412

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.