ArticlePerioperative medicine (London, England)2026
Early anaemia and prognosis after knee arthroplasty in nonagenarians admitted to ICU post surgery: a multicentre binational cohort study.
Article in Perioperative medicine (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAnaemia is one of the most common complications following major surgery, arising from perioperative blood loss, hemodilution, and impaired erythropoiesis. Although preoperative anaemia is a recognised risk factor for adverse outcomes, the prognostic importance of early postoperative anaemia remains underexplored, particularly in very elderly patients. Given the rising prevalence of osteoarthritis and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the ≥ 90-year-old population, understanding the implications of anaemia in this high-risk cohort is increasingly relevant.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective binational cohort study using the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Adult Patient Database. All patients ≥ 90 years admitted to the ICU following TKA between 2010 and 2024 with haemoglobin (Hb) measured within 24 h were included. Anaemia was defined according to World Health Organization criteria and stratified as non-anaemia, mild, or moderate/severe. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, examined in short-term (< 365 days) and long-term (≥ 365 days) intervals. Secondary outcomes included ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), illness severity scores, and postoperative biochemical and physiological parameters. Time-to-event outcomes were assessed with Cox regression, and LOS outcomes with log-transformed linear models.
resultsAmong 493 patients, 22.3% were non-anaemic, 30.0% had mild anaemia, and 47.7% had moderate/severe anaemia. Severe anaemia was associated with higher illness severity (median APACHE III 57 vs 54; p = 0.013), prolonged ICU stay (18% longer; p = 0.008), and longer hospitalisation (p = 0.037). Anaemia was not associated with short-term mortality. However, beyond 365 days, both mild (HR 2.08; 95% CI 1.05–4.13; p = 0.036) and severe anaemia (HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.05–3.73; p = 0.035) independently predicted higher mortality. DISCUSSION/
conclusionIn nonagenarians undergoing TKA, anaemia at ICU admission was highly prevalent and associated with increased illness severity, resource utilisation, and elevated long-term mortality. These findings highlight postoperative Hb as an important prognostic marker in the oldest old and support strategies for early detection, optimisation, and structured follow-up to improve survival and recovery in this vulnerable population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.